... reflects the different consumption requirements of families depending on their size and composition, on the sex and age of the family head, and on weather they live in rural or urban areas. Based on past surveys, the designers of the poverty index determined that families of three or more person spend approximately one-third of their income on food. Thus, the poverty level for these families was, therefore, set at three times the cost of the economy food plan. For smaller families and persons living alone, the cost of the economy food plan was multiplied by higher factors in order to compensate for the larger fixed expenses of smaller households. The poverty thre ...

... especially in the USA where sales had dropped from 49% in 1959 to 9% in 1973. The two key factors the report identified was the market share loss and profitability declines an the scale economy disadvantages in technology, distribution, and manufacturing. The BCG report showed that success of the Japanese manufacturers started with the growth of their own domestic markets. The high production for domestic demand led to Honda experiencing economies of scale as the cost of producing motorbikes declined with the level of output. This provided Honda to achieve a highly competitive cost position which they used to penetrate into the US market. " The basic philos ...

... the universe. He believed the universe to be a giant machine. This concept is called the mechanistic universe. In this universe, everything happens from physical laws, and reactions between cause and effect. A mechanist, like Smith, would understand no living being has a choice of the way it behaves. No one can predict the future for the present state of all matter is unknown. This is one reason he focused on morality. The way in which one behaves suggests their morals. Morality is primarily concerned with attempting to define what is good for the individual and also the society. If the good is known, the obligation to pursue it becomes evident. People mus ...

... The maximum length is 2,000 words 2.0 Procedure The report was produced using library based research because of the time scale and cost. The sources used include text books, journals and newspapers.. The references have been made 'Harvard Style' and can be found in the Bibliography. 3.0 Findings The Japanese business culture has been described by Beedham as a culture that acts like a clan, in that there is a large amount of authority given to the man at the top, and in the commitment that is shown by the people around him, Beedham points out that this can be evident in the way that their car factories, investment banks and government ministries are ran. This c ...

... of e-commerce. They realize that through prosumption, having customers conduct their business online, they save the cost of additional employees and phone costs. (Industry Analysis) Within the industry are two types of companies. There are combination carriers, which are primarily passenger airline companies that also carry cargo. And then there are “all-cargo” companies like Federal Express which only carry cargo, have fleets of planes, usually fly at night, have ground transportation, and personnel for door-to-door pick-up and delivery. The “all cargo” companies control 90% of the domestic cargo companies. Competition in the “all cargo” segment of the ind ...

... them certain unique problems that can only be removed or minimized by adapting the present controls and adding new controls. These problems are · In a manual system there is a paper trail for the internal auditor to follow. All records and transactions are kept on paper and so an auditor has clear and documented proof of what has transpired. Computerized systems rarely have a clear paper trail to follow. Since computers do all of the sorting of the information the company rarely sorts the source documents. Also the computer does most of the calculations and processing so there would not be the amount of documentation that there would be in a manual sys ...

... overlap? * * * * * The early beginnings of this restaurant occurred in Edmonton, Alberta. In 1963 the first Boston Pizza and Spaghetti House opened. The name of the restaurant is seemingly odd because Boston is the name of a city in the United States, and has nothing to do with a pizza restaurant located in Edmonton. Ron Coyle, the original owner, named the restaurant 'Boston' because the Boston Bruins NHL hockey team was the favorite of the Edmonton area in the 1960's and he wanted his business to use sports as a promotion. Another reason, which may have been more of a coincidence, was that his accountant's sur ...

... their "Core-Periphery" plan. The communist sponsored "Core-Periphery" economic policy that was evident in Russia was quite simplistic in nature. The theory, traditionally used to describe inter-continental trading and production, was adapted for use in the Russian economic zones. The theory was as follows; Areas which surround the capital (core region), usually rich in one material or another, would be used for the extraction of raw materials. These materials would then be shipped back to the capital in order to be manufactured into goods. From there, the manufactured products would be shipped back to the surrounding regions (periphery region) for resa ...

... Hawaii's economy has changed drastically since statehood. In 1958, defense, sugar, and pineapple were the primary economic activities, accounting for 40% of Gross State Product (GSP). In contrast, visitor-related expenditures stood at just over 4% of Hawaii's GSP prior to statehood. Today the positions are reversed; sugar and pineapple constitute about 1% of GSP, defense accounts for just under 11%, while visitor-related spending comes close to 24% of Hawaii's GSP. The movement toward a service- and trade-based economy becomes even more apparent when considering the distribution of Hawaii's jobs across sectors. The sha ...

... most do not have significant personal savings, many women must rely on Social Security as their primary source of income. Two-thirds of women over 65 have no pension other than Social Security. The problem is that Social Security was meant to provide only a bare minimum of a "floor of protection" in 1996, the average Social Security benefit for retired female workers was $7452 a year, ($621 per month) – $143 above the official poverty level of older adults and almost $1,400 less than a minimum-wage income. The fact that so many elderly women rely on Social Security as their only source of income is one of the major reasons why so many elderly women are poor. Pr ...