... Philosophers Stone which would work by touching the stone to a metal and it would transform into the metal the alchemists wanted. Many alchemists would spend there whole lives searching for the substance that would start the transmutation that would make them rich, also many alchemists were hired by lords and noblemen who wanted to know the secret so they could become wealthier then they already were. Basically they saw easy money and would waste their lives and money to find out how to get it. There was another side to alchemy them just changing lead into gold, people not only wanted to be rich but they also wanted to live forever. The Elixir was the substance ...

... by extracting from tert-butylmethyl ether(very volatile).The goal of this experiment was to identify the three components in the mixture and to determine the percent recovery of each from the mixture. 4) Separation of a Neutral and Basic Substance A mixture of equal parts of a neutral substance containing either naphthalene or benzoin and a basic substance containing either 4-chloroaniline or ethyl 4-aminobenzoate were to be separated by extraction from an ether solution. Once the separation took place, and crystallization was carried out, it became possible to determine what components were in the unknown mixture, by means of a melting point determination. ...

... community of populations (reproductively isolated from others) that occupies a specific niche in nature The BSC is greatly accepted amongst vertebrate zoologists & entomologists. Two reasons account for this .Firstly these are the groups that the authors of the BSC worked with. (Mayr is an ornithologist & Dobzhansky has worked mainly with Drosophila). More importantly Sexual reproduction is the predominate form of reproduction in these groups. It is not coincidental that the BSC is less widely used amongst botanists. Terrestrial plants exhibit much more greater diversity in their mode of reproduction than vertebrates and insects. There has been man ...

... originates in other countries. · Cuts in emissions have reduced the acidity of rain and snow recently. Total emissions of sulphur in Europe were reduced by more than 40 per cent from 1980 to 1993. In the same period, Norway's emissions were reduced by more than 70 per cent. · As a result of higher precipitation in recent years, sulphur deposition has not dropped as much as might be expected from the reductions in emissions. · Estimates of how much pollution the environment can absorb without damage are called critical loads. · Sulphur, like nitrogen, is essential to all animals and plants. The natural sulphur cycle includes volcanic emissions, sulphate i ...

... in 1990 and was slated to take 15 years and cost $3 billion in U.S. money for the entire project coming to roughly $200 million per year. Federal funding for the project is nearly 60% of the annual need. This has created some funding problems for the project. There also have been technological advances and discoveries that have helped to speed up the project. This automation may help to reduce the cost and help the project to meet its objectives ahead of schedule. The project was estimated to have detailed maps of all of the chromosomes and know the location of most of the human Genes by 1996. Researchers have successfully located the gene and DNA sequence ...

... because of the medical use of cannabis. Cannabis plants do grow wild in many parts of the world. This plants has been used for thousands of years for medical use only until the 19th century when use of cannabis spread from China and the Middle East to the population of Europe and America. Since that time cannabis became illegal and very popular drug known in all countries. In some way the affects of the marijuana may be serious. When smoked, the effects of cannabis begin immediately. When eaten the effects can take 1 to 2 hours to begin, depending on how much food is in the stomach. The effect after smoking cannabis may last for 1-2 hours and when eaten, the e ...

... greatest problems in medicine today is that there has not been enough organs to go around to all of the patients that are in need of them. This in turn creates a lot of unnecessary deaths, and problems for patients. Currently in the U.S. only 2,300 of 40,000 Americans who needed a new heart received one. That means close to 94% of the patients did not receive one and this is only one organ in one country that were talking about. Statistics show that nearly one third of the patients on the waiting list for organs will die and even if they do receive an organ the human body has the tendency to reject organs which can cause serious illness or death. If we clone ...

... reveal periods of time when the Earth’s magnetic fields have actually been reversed. Convection is caused by non-uniform temperature in a fluid and density differences. This continuous convection is the cause of plate movement. Each complete cycle, called a convection cell, drives the plate in the direction of the cell. How does a ‘solid’ mantle move? The mantle may be solid but, as with most solids, it will deform if long-term stress is applied. Presently, there are more than fourteen plates in the Earth’s crust. Upwelling hot magma flows out from mid-ocean ridges and then cools down when exposed to the cooled environment outside; the layer of cooled magma ...

... materials from the eroding continents and from sand transported upstream by the tides from the continental shelf (Braun 55). It is in estuaries that most of the world's freshwater runoff encounters the oceans. Because fresh water is lighter, or less dense, than salt water, unless the two are mixed by the tides or winds, the fresh water remains at the surface, resulting in a salinity gradient. Tides force seawater inland as a countercurrent and produce a saltwater wedge below the freshwater surface waters (Bellamy 62). Estuaries are always in a state of change and hardly ever in a steady state. The principal energy source are tides, causing estuarine mixing, but ...

... and last longer than in the western or Midwestern sections do to a predominance of favorable days and cool nights" (Givens 11,13). What is a wildflower? "A wild flower is a plant that has always been it's own without any human intervention." Native plants "without assistance from a gardener in the area where they originated. Although all native plants are wild, not all wildflowers are natives" (Loewer 6). Where did the non-native flowers come from and how did they get here? "Probably the largest number of plants accidentally introduced in this country arrived in ships' ballast. Because the early merchant ships that sailed from Europe were empty of goods on t ...