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Essays on Science

Aids 2
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... more severe. They include enlarged lymph glands, tiredness, fever, loss of appetite and weight, diarrhea, yeast infections, and night sweats. HIV is commonly connected with a "wasting syndrome," which results in substantial weight loss, a general decline in health, and, in some cases, death. The virus also infects the nervous system. There, HIV may cause dementia, which is a condition characterized by sensory, thinking, and/or memory disorders. HIV infection of the brain may cause movement or coordination problems. HIV’s disruption of the immune system makes infected people susceptible to illnesses that are not normally serious. These diseases are calle ...



How Humans And Fish Obtain Oxygen
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... is a long “windpipe” that is lined with constantly moving cilia. These cilia whip back and forth and trap foregin objects and keep them from entering the lungs. The air completes its path down the trachea when it reaches the bronchus which is a speration of the trachea into the two different lungs it is used to carry oxygen to different parts of the body. These bronchus break into many bronchioles which then branch into many many microscopic tubs that cary the oxygen to every part of the lung till they meet the thin sacs called aveoli. Aveoli are thin sacs in the lungs that carry oxygen in and carbon dioxide out of the blood stream. They diffuse the oxygen into th ...



Enzymes
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... sucrase. have specific structures that only its specific substrate will fit into. The polypeptide chains of an enzyme are folded in such way that they form a grove or pocket on the surface. The substrate fits in to this grove, which is the site of reactions catalyzed by the enzyme, or active site. Recent studies of enzyme structure have suggested that the active site is flexible. The binding between and substrate appears to alter the shape of the enzyme. This induces a close fit between the active site and the substrate. It is also believed that this may put some strain on the substrate molecule facilitating the reaction. Another characteristics of a ...



How Earthquakes Are Caused
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... though neither plate is actually being subducted on two of the convergent plate boundaries, one plate is pushed a bit under the other normally. At the sea floor to continent boundary, the sea floor is subducted. As the plates move together, molten material from the mantle seeps up between the converging plates. The gap is closed as the plates move more into each other, locking the molten material in. This, by the way, happens at all of the convergent boundaries. After much time, pressure builds up as the molten material churns in its chamber. It gets hotter, and as we know from the laws of physics, heat rises due to its kinetic energy. So, as the pressure get to be ...



Air Pollution
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... It also causes the depletion of the ozone layer which results in global warming and melting of the ice caps. Up until the industrial era, the air was fairly clean. The use of smokestacks and the burning of fuels put many pollutants in the air during this period of time. The increased use of fossil fuels today also builds on this. There have been many attempts at stopping air pollution. The Clean Air Acts were effective for a little while. They made using some polluting substances illegal. This did not work because people simply did not listen. Solar Energy is another attempted solution. This type of energy is good because it is an alternative energy sourc ...



Darwinism 2
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... all areas of life. They used it as a “natural law” which supported their actions and beliefs. Advocates manipulated the scientific doctrine to fulfill their personal needs and to justify religious beliefs, capitalism, and military conquests. Darwinism greatly impacted the scientific world purely through its specific doctrine. The enlightenment had paved the way for rational thinking and observation. People were willing to accept scientific data as fact and they were able to objectively consider theories that went against the church. Because of the story of creation, Darwinism would have been immediately rejected only a few centuries earlier. People used Darwi ...



Earthquakes
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... strain has been building up suddenly rupture, and then rebound."(Associated Press 1993) The vibrations can range from barely noticeable to catastrophically destructive. Six kinds of shock waves are generated in the process. Two are classified as body waves—that is, they travel through the earth's interior—and the other four are surface waves. The waves are further differentiated by the kinds of motions they impart to rock particles. Primary or compressional waves (P waves) send particles oscillating back and forth in the same direction as the waves are traveling, whereas secondary or transverse shear waves (S waves) impart vibrations perpendicular to their direct ...



Celiac Sprue Disease
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... "celiac sprue" has been applied to a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of malabsorption, such as diarrhea and weight loss caused by eating grains. The term "gluten-sensitive enteropathy" more correctly defines the clinical pathologic disease caused by an immune-mediated sensitivity to gluten, a protein found in many cereal grains, principally wheat, barley, rye, and to a lesser degree oats. Most nutritionists agree that gluten is not present in rice, white or sweet potatoes, and corn. Over 100 years ago a British physician named Samuel Gee described the "coeliac affection." Dr. Gee observed the syndrome in people of all ages, but especially in ...



The Effect Of Temperture On Air Pressure
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... a force? HYPOTHESIS: My hypothesis for: 1) the experiment with the pop can is that the can will crush because of a drastic change in temperature. 2) the experiment with the milk jug and the hot water is that the milk jug will remain the same. 3) the experiment with the egg and the bottle is that the egg will not be sucked in the bottle. PROCEDURE: For the first experiment the procedure is: 1) Heat an ordinary pop can on a hot plate. 2) After about fifteen minutes take the can off the hot plate and put it upside-down in a pan of cold water. 3) Record my observations on a piece of paper. 4) Write my conclusions in my science fair logbook. For th ...



Augiga The Charioteer
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... shared with Taurus, and also known as beta Taurus. Auriga's stars are fairly bright; five are second magnitude or brighter. Alpha Auriga (Capella) is the sixth brightness star, at a visual magnitude of 0.08. The star is 43.5 light years away, and is about ten times the size of our Sun. Capella's visual magnitude is really the combined brightness of the primary star and another star that revolves every 104 days. This star is also known as Menkalina. The star name derives from the Arabic name Al Mankib dhi'l Inan, "The Shoulder of the One Who Holds the Reins," that is, "The Shoulder of the Charioteer." Several open clusters are found in Auriga. Eac ...




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